Sep 15, 2025 | Climate Justice, International Climate Policy, Technology
As the demand for critical minerals surges globally to support the energy transition, deep sea mining (DSM) emerges as a seemingly promising frontier. Technologies to extract valuable metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt, and rare earth elements from the ocean floor...
Jun 25, 2025 | Climate Justice, Energy
Indonesia is home to the largest nickel reserves in the world. In 2023, 54% of global mined nickel production came from the country, and the figure is predicted to reach 80% by 2040 [1, 2]. Previously used primarily in alloys like stainless steel, the recent...
Jun 25, 2025 | Climate Justice, Energy
Indonesia’s nickel reserves have given the country a key role in clean technology supply chains. As the global economy moves towards a just transition to a less carbon-intensive, more sustainable world, Indonesia and its international partners face a balancing...
