The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was established in 1992 as a legally binding treaty to conserve biodiversity, promote sustainable use, and ensure fair benefit-sharing from genetic resources. Key milestones of the CBD are the Cartagena Protocol on biosafety, the Nagoya Protocol on access and benefit-sharing, and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, which guide conservation efforts, leading to the adoption of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. COP15 and 16 were pivotal in creating and implementing the “30x30” goal to protect 30% of the planet’s land and waters by 2030, along with securing financial commitments to support biodiversity efforts.